There are many types of neuropathy. Peripheral neuropathy is a term used to describe damage to peripheral nerves, which may impair sensation or movement. Common causes of peripheral neuropathy include diabetes, vitamin deficiency, medication side effects, chemotherapy, tobacco use and severe hypertension. The treatment of peripheral neuropathy revolves around treating the underlying condition, if possible. Persistent neuropathy pain can be treated with medications specifically designed to treat neuropathy.